Sample the prior
Draw a set of reference actions from the frozen base policy. Only sample access is needed.
1 UC Berkeley2 Physical Intelligence
Online RL needs guidance for efficient exploration without being overly constrained by priors. In robotics, we can leverage the increasingly capable pretrained policies as prior, but improving on them might require discarding poor action modes and exploring around promising ones. Existing approaches are too restrictive in one of two ways: behavior-cloning tie the actor to the base-policy distribution, including suboptimal modes; support constraints allow mode selection but exclude better actions outside the support. GSBR is a better behavior regularizer that preserves both axes of improvement. It estimates a support region from base-policy samples and applies no behavior penalty inside it. Outside the region, the penalty grows smoothly with distance, allowing improvement when the value gain justifies the cost.
Normalized throughput
Relative to the next-best RL methodTasks
State-based and pixel-based controlBenchmarks
RoboMimic · OGBench · OCBench · LIBEROGSBR constructs the support region using only action samples from the base policy, then regularizes the actor by its squared distance to that region.
Draw a set of reference actions from the frozen base policy. Only sample access is needed.
Construct the support region as all actions within radius r of any sample. r is computed adaptively as a quantile of nearest-neighbor distances between samples.
Run actor-critic update with zero actor-penalty inside the support and a squared-distance regularization outside.
GSBR achieves 0.95 normalized throughput across all tasks, compared with 0.77 for RLT, the next-best baseline—about a 23% relative improvement.
Throughput is success rate divided by mean episode length, normalized by the best method per task, then averaged across tasks. Error bars show SEM across seeds.
Throughput (successes/hour)
Online environment steps (millions)
Online environment steps (millions)
Online environment steps (millions)
Training episodes